In the third century B. This knowledge is commonly associated in the ancient world with the advancement of human civilization. Its descriptions of fallen angels were widely influential. The story is quoted in the canonical epistle of Jude.
Christians in the second century A. Tertullian retells the story of the Watchers and their demonic arts as a way to discourage female Christians from wearing jewelry, makeup, or expensive clothes. Dressing in anything other than simple clothes, for Tertullian, means that one is under the influence of demons. Christians like Tertullian came to see demons behind almost all aspects of ancient culture and religion.
Many Christians justified abstaining from the everyday aspects of ancient Roman life, from consuming meat to wearing makeup and jewelry, by arguing that such practices were demonic. Christian fascination with demons having sex with humans developed significantly in the medieval world.
Historian Eleanor Janega , has recently shown that it was in the medieval period that beliefs about nocturnal demon sex — those echoed by Immanuel today — became common. For example, the legendary magician Merlin , from the tales of King Arthur, was said to have been sired by an incubus, a male demon. For as long as Christians have worried about demons, they have also thought about how to protect themselves from them.
The first biography of Jesus, the Gospel of Mark, written around A. In one of the first scenes of the gospel, Jesus casts an unclean spirit out of a man in the synagogue at Capernaum.
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A Layman and His Faith. The Demon of Lust May 9, Free Newsletters Get the best from CT editors, delivered straight to your inbox! Tags: None. Issue: May 9 , Vol. This article is from the May 9 issue. Log in. May 9 More from this Issue. Two works set the stage for the study of demons within the domain of biblical studies—the large collection of essays Demons Lange, et al. They both cover demonic figures not simply in the Bible, but also in related contexts such as the ancient Near East.
In addition, a dictionary, Lurker , offers a basic resource addressing deities and demons in a worldwide context. Further, Bhayro and Rider provides a number of studies on illness and demons.
People interested in demonological research should consult these items first. No comprehensive, scholarly online resource is available for demons, but several websites are beneficial for the study of demons, although these sites should be used with caution. The formats of these websites tend to be like that of an encyclopedia. In general, they provide basic information on various named demons, without containing extensive analysis.
DeliriumsRealm is often quite helpful and should be the first online source consulted. Lange, et al. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, A good introduction to exorcism as it pertains to magic in the Greco-Roman world, Christianity, the Hebrew Bible, and Judaism.
Bhayro, Siam, and Catherine Rider, eds. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, A year-old male, who has been using cannabis in dependent pattern presented with an insidious onset and continuous illness of 2 years' duration, characterized by the delusion of reference, delusional percept, delusion of love, auditory commenting, commanding, and discussing , and tactile hallucinations.
At presentation, on mental status examination, he was untidy and ill-kempt, had blunt affect; however, there was no formal thought disorder.
When asked about his psychopathology, he ascribed the voices heard to one of his female teacher, who would express her love toward him in the conversations heard as part of the auditory hallucinations. He also ascribed the tactile hallucinations to the same teacher. He described this as a sensation of vibration, which he would feel all over his body, more so in his thighs, and genital region.
This would occur mainly at night, when he would be fully awake or asleep and alone, would feel aroused, and simultaneously hear the voice of his teacher claiming to be responsible for these sensations. As per him, he would hear that she is in deep love with him and wanted to have sexual intercourse with him, would feel his penis to be touched, and in the process would have erection and occasional ejaculation.
He would be unable to describe exactly how she would be doing this but was convinced that it was she who was doing so. He also believed that his body is under the control of his teacher, who forces him to indulge in sexual activities, against his will.
He would deny drawing any pleasure out of these activities and would say that he was not able to avoid this experience.
This experience was not associated with any active cannabis use or abstinence from cannabis. At the time of mental status examination, his cognitive functions were preserved, and he had poor insight.
Due to all these symptoms, he had to discontinue his education and became homebound. Based on the available information, a diagnosis of schizophrenia and cannabis dependence syndrome was considered, and he was sequentially treated with olanzapine, risperidone, Trifluoperazine, and the combination of olanzapine and fluphenazine decanoate, in adequate doses for adequate duration. After being treated with clozapine, his insight improved, he would acknowledge that all his previous symptoms were unreal and part of the illness.
She left Adam and refused to return to the Garden of Eden after she mated with arch angel Samael, who mated with four succubi. Further, as per the folklore belief, the succubus can take the form of a beautiful young girl, who may have deformities of her body such as bird-like claws or serpentine tails.
Many other cultures have sex demons as part of their mythology, analogous, or similar to the incubus and succubus. In Arabic culture, there are descriptions of jinns , who are thought to be responsible for similar sexual acts.
In Zanzibar, Popobawa primarily attacks men and generally behind closed doors. In all traditions, generally, it is believed that repeated sexual activity with a succubus may result in the deterioration of health or even death. In India, the succubus is referred to as Yakshini , who are attendees of Hindu God of Wealth, Kubera and are considered to be guardians of hidden treasure in the earth.
They are shown as beautiful, voluptuous females with wide hips and narrow waists, broad shoulders, and exaggerated spherical breasts. Yakshini's are believed to provide gratification to senses as they have extreme beauty and have power to delight the body. Thirty-six different types of Yakshini's are described in the texts of Tantras, who fulfill the different desires of human beings. They are believed to always remain young and beautiful, powerful, and effective, who if pleased can fulfill the materialistic desires of a person.
Yakshini Sadhana can be done by following specific tantras. In our literature search, we could not find any description of succubus in psychiatric literature, although there are few case reports[ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ] documenting the phenomenon of incubus, which have also being described in relation to erotomania. In the Case 2, the phenomenon of succubus was possibly associated with erotomania and fantastic hallucinations.
Yakshini's are believed to be staying in the Himalayan region and both our patients came from the same region and had beliefs of the existence of Yakshinis. However, both our patients were fully convinced about the experiences occurring against their will, had delusional beliefs associated with the same, fulfilled the diagnosis of schizophrenia irrespective of this phenomenon, and these symptoms responded to antipsychotic medications along with improvement in other symptoms.
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